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Characterize NOAAs in electronics, cosmetics, food, medical devices, and drugs.

Reference：

1. US FDA 2012, Guidance for Industry – Safety of Nanomaterials in Cosmetic Products.
2. EU/JRC July 2012, Requirements on Measurements for the Implementation of the European Commission Definition of the Term “Nanomaterials”.
3. ISO/TR13014: 2012, Nanotechnologies -- Guidance on physico-chemical characterization of engineered nanoscale materials for toxicologic assessment.
4. ICCR 2012, Characterization of Nanomaterials II - Insolubility, Biopersistence and Size Measurement in Complex Media.

K-kit Application: Abrasives in CMP Slurry


		Primary and secondary particles in undiluted slurry Composition Size/size distribution Shape Aggregation state Surface


Dried on copper grid	Frozen in Cryo-TEM grid	In liquid phase in K-kit * Scale bar is 50 nm

K-kit Application: Liquid-TEM Observation in Nanopharmaceuticals

Application particle concentration for K-kit: 10¹¹~10¹⁴ particles/ml

AuroVist^® solution was directly loaded and sealed in a K-kit in liquid form.

Oil emulsion in water was loaded and sealed in a K-kit in liquid form.

As shown in the table, most of the nano-drugs currently in the market all meet the applicable (countable) range of particle concentration for K-kit. So, apprently, K-kit can be very suitable for the CRO or CMC application in Nanopharmaceuticals.

In some cases, the particles cannot be well identified in TEM directly by using K-kit, which such like liposomes or AAV due to low contrast or too small sizes. Currently, we are developing the negative staining protocol of K-kits, with the first example by smaller liposomes, for improving the TEM observation in low-contrast nano-drugs. We will keep the progress updated at any time on this website.


EM-based Imaging Analysis with K-kit for CRO Application
Possible CRO Application Drug discovery and development Drug Manufacture (CMC) Pharmacokinetic studies Early-phase clinical studies Popular Analysis Items (Suggested) Nanoparticles in bio-liquid (like blood, serum or drug) Drug carriers (exosomes or liposomes) imaging analyses AAV imaging analysis for gene therapy Others



The Latest News about K-kit in CRO Market The poster on right side was published in June at RCCM Banyuls 2019 meeting in France; K-kit has been considered as an EM-based imaging solution on new drug development by the famous pharmaceutical company SANOFI.


K-kit Application: quantum dots in solution
Quantum dots will enable a market for devices and components worth over $11bn by 2026.

QD: Quantum dots BLU: Backlight Unit LCM: Liquid Crystal Module QDEF: Quantum-dot Enhancement Film


QDs dried on copper grid	Wet mode of K-kit	Thin layer mode of K-kit

Size and Size Distribution of QDs in Chloroform (Thin Layer Mode of K-kit)

Sample solution was directly loaded into K-kit Nano-objects = Primary particle Aggregates/agglomerates = Secondary particle

K-kit Application: In-situ Dynamic Observation

		The dynamic changes of reaction processes in liquid can be observed and studied by K-kit.

Dynamic observation of polystyrene beads in PBS buffer (sodium ion)

The reduction process of the sodium ions, which induced from the TEM electron energy, in PBS buffer around a polystyrene bead could be observed with prolonged observation time.

Gold metal growth in water with and without polystyrene beads

The metal growth of Au ions in water could be observed dynamically at the same time in the areas far away and nearby a polystyrene bead. (As shown in the image, there’s a polystyrene bead at the center, with a lot of relatively small Au particles surrounded)